What is a Pelvic Ultrasound?

Kidney vascularisation photo

A pelvic ultrasound provides pictures of the structures and organs in the lower abdomen or pelvis.

Pelvic ultrasound typically includes two parts:

  • abdominal (transabdominal)
  • vaginal (transvaginal, endovaginal) for women

In women, a pelvic or abdominal ultrasound is most often performed to evaluate the:

  • bladder
  • ovaries
  • uterus
  • cervix
  • fallopian tubes

Ultrasound examinations can help diagnose symptoms experienced by women such as:

  • pelvic pain
  • abnormal bleeding
  • other menstrual problems

It can help identify:

  • palpable masses such as ovarian cysts and uterine fibroids
  • ovarian or uterine cancers

A transvaginal ultrasound is usually performed to view the endometrium or the lining of the uterus and ovaries. Transvaginal ultrasound also affords a good way to evaluate the muscular walls of the uterus, called the myometrium. Sonohysterography allows for a more in-depth investigation of the uterine cavity. These exams are typically performed to detect:

  • uterine anomalies
  • scars
  • endometrial polyps
  • fibroids
  • cancer, especially in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding

Some physicians also use sonohysterography for patients with infertility. See the Sonohysterography section for more information.

In men, a pelvic or abdominal ultrasound is used to evaluate the:

  • bladder
  • seminal vesicles
  • prostate

In men and women, a pelvic ultrasound exam can help identify:

  • kidney stones
  • tumors
  • other disorders in the urinary bladder

Doppler ultrasound images can help the physician to see and evaluate:

  • blockages to blood flow (such as clots)
  • narrowing of vessels (which may be caused by plaque)
  • tumors and congenital malformation

For more information please visit www.radiologyinfo.com.